EPD-IES-0027188:001

Natural dimensional limestone (travertine) cut to size slabs from Reneszánsz Kőfaragó Zrt.

Density 2400-2600 kg/m2 as EN 1936:2007, Freeze-resistant according to EN 12371:2010. Dimensional accuracy of the tiles is in compliance with the requirements of EN12057 Standard that allows a tolerance of 0.5 mm.

General information

EPD OwnerReneszánsz Zrt
Registration numberEPD-IES-0027188:001
EPD typeEPD of a single product from a manufacturer/service provider
StatusValid
Version date2026-02-04
Validity date2031-02-04
Standards conformanceISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021
Geographical scopeHungary
An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD.

Programme information

ProgrammeInternational EPD System
AddressEPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden
Websitewww.environdec.com
E-mailsupport@environdec.com

Product category rules

CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR)
Product Category Rules (PCR)2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1
PCR review was conducted byThe Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support.

Verification

LCA accountabilityArtur Szilágyi, artur@lifecycle.hu, Reneszánsz Zrt
Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via
Third-party verifierSilvia Vilčeková (SILCERT, Ltd.)
Approved byInternational EPD System
Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier
*EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.environdec.com.

Ownership and limitation on use of EPD

Limitations

EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.

Ownership

The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.

Information about EPD Owner

EPD OwnerReneszánsz Zrt
Contact person nameAttila Balogh
Contact person e-mailbalogh.attila@reneszansz.hu
Organisation addressHungary Üröm 2096 Fő u. 1.

Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner

Reneszánsz Kőfaragó Zrt is a Hungarian natural stone manufacturer specializing in quarrying, cutting, and finishing high-quality travertine and other stone products for construction and architectural applications.

Organisation images

Organisation logo

Product information

Product nameNatural dimensional hard terrestrial limestone (travertine) cut to size slabs
Product identificationHard terrestrial limestone (travertine) tiles from Süttői-Haraszthegy (Haraszt and Gazdabánya mining sites) in compliance with EN 12058:2015 standard
Product descriptionDensity 2400-2600 kg/m2 as EN 1936:2007, Freeze-resistant according to EN 12371:2010. Dimensional accuracy of the tiles is in compliance with the requirements of EN12057 Standard that allows a tolerance of 0.5 mm.
Product information from external sourceshttps://www.reneszansz.hu/en/termekeink
Technical purpose of productThe product is used for exterior and interior cladding, flooring, coverings, and decoration applications.
Manufacturing or service provision descriptionIn the travertine quarry, large stone blocks are extracted and cut on-site with water-cooled diamond wire saws, ensuring precise cutting and reduced material loss and dust. Blocks are typically about 220 × 110 × 100 cm and are loaded onto trucks for transport to the processing plant. At the plant, blocks are inspected for cracks and irregularities, then sawn into 2–8 cm panels using water-assisted gang or circular saws. Panels are trimmed to standard or customer-specified sizes, and surface treatments such as honing, polishing, or sealing may be applied. Off-cuts are sorted: larger pieces are recut, while fines and unusable fragments are crushed for aggregate or quarry backfill. Finished tiles and slabs are stacked on pallets or reusable metal holders for transport.
Material propertiesArea density: 75 kg/m2 Thickness: 0.03 m Volumetric mass density: 2500 kg/m3
Area density:
75 kg/m2
Thickness:
0.03 m
Volumetric mass density:
2500 kg/m3
Manufacturing siteReneszánsz Kőfaragó Zrt. Süttő Hungary Süttő 2543 Kőfaragó tér 8.
UN CPC code15120. Marble and other calcareous monumental or building stone
Geographical scopeHungary

Product images

Technical characteristics and performance

Technical performance

Frost resistance according to EN 12371:2010Water absorbtion according to EN 13755:2008Flexural strength according to EN 12372:2007Abrasion resistance according to EN 14157:2005Uniaxial compressive strenght according to EN 1926:2006Slip resistance according to EN 14231:2003Fire class according to EN 13501-1
Frost resistant<=3 weight %>=9 N/mm2<=20 cm3/50cm2>= 80 N/mm2>= 50 SRV

Content declaration

Hazardous and toxic substancesThe product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight.
Product content
Content nameMass, kgPost-consumer recycled material, mass-% of productBiogenic material, mass-% of productBiogenic material1, kg C/declared unit
Hard terrestrial limestone75000
Total75000
Note 11 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2

LCA information

EPD based on declared or functional unitDeclared unit
Declared unit and reference flowNatural dimensional limestone tiles Area: 1 m2
Conversion factor to mass75
Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes?
Datasources used for this EPDecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.11 database
LCA SoftwareOpenLCA OpenLCA 2.5.0
Version of the EN 15804 reference packageEF Reference Package 3.1
Characterisation methodsEuropean Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023.
Technology description including background systemTravertine tiles and slabs are produced from large quarry-extracted limestone blocks composed entirely of natural stone without additives. Blocks are cut on-site using water-cooled diamond wire saws and transported to the processing plant. Manufacturing involves block inspection followed by water-assisted sawing with multi-blade gang saws or circular saws into 3 cm tiles, trimming to standardized dimensions, and optional surface finishing (honing, polishing, sealing). Process water is recirculated in a closed-loop system, and off-cuts are either resized for smaller products or crushed for aggregate or quarry backfill. Products are stacked on pallets or metal holders for delivery. Use-stage impacts are minimal due to the inert, durable nature of natural stone. At end-of-life, products can be reused in the same function or crushed for secondary aggregate.
Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution levelLess than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs

Data quality assessment

Description of data quality assessment and reference yearsPrimary data has been collected for fiscal year 2024 and the first two quarter of 2025. The quality of the relevant data used for the EPD in terms of its time, geography and technology representativeness using EN15804:2012+A2:2019, Annex E. The relevant data assessed included no "poor” or “very poor” data.
Data quality assessment
Process nameSource typeSourceReference yearData categoryShare of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3
Raw material extractionCollected data, databaseEPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.112025Primary data71%
Raw material transportCollected data, databaseEPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.112025Primary data6%
Manufacturing of the productCollected data, databaseEPD owner, Ecoinvent v3.112025Primary data1%
Generation of electricity used in manufacturingDatabaseEcoinvent v3.112025Primary data10%
End-of-life treatmentDatabaseEcoinvent v3.112025Secondary data
Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A388%
The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories.
Electricity data
Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services)
Type of electricity mixSpecific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument
Energy sourcesHydro0%
Wind0%
Solar100%
Biomass0%
Geothermal0%
Waste0%
Nuclear0%
Natural gas0%
Coal0%
Oil0%
Peat0%
Other0%
GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh)0.08 kg CO2 eq./kWh

System boundary

Description of the system boundarya) Cradle to gate with modules C1-C4 and module D (A1-A3 + C + D).
Excluded modulesNo, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules

Declared modules

Product stageConstruction process stageUse stageEnd of life stageBeyond product life cycle
Raw material supplyTransportManufacturingTransport to siteConstruction installationUseMaintenanceRepairReplacementRefurbishmentOperational energy useOperational water useDe-construction demolitionTransportWaste processingDisposalReuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential
ModuleA1A2A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Modules declaredXXXNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDXXXXX
GeographyHungaryHungaryHungaryN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AHungaryHungaryHungaryHungaryHungary
Share of specific data88%--------------
Variation - products0%--------------
Variation - sites0%--------------
DisclaimerThe share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only.

Process flow diagram(s) related images

Default scenario

Name of the default scenario100% landfill
Description of the default scenarioThe default scenario represents a worst-case, with 100% of the material disposed of in an inert material landfill. This scenario is highly unlikely, as the product retains significant value even in its used form.

Module C: End-of-life

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C100% landfill scenario
Brief description of the default scenario in module CWorst-case end-of-life with deconstruction, 80 km transport, and inert waste landfill
Description of the default scenario in module CEnd-of-life assumes removal using the PCR default diesel consumption for deconstruction, followed by 80 km road transport to treatment and final disposal in an inert material landfill. Landfilling is modeled using the PCR default diesel use for compacting inert construction waste. This represents a worst-case scenario, as natural stone is rarely landfilled due to its residual value.
Module C informationValueUnit
Diesel use during demolition per tonne5
kWh
Transport distance to final disposal80
km
Diesel use during crushing per tonne3.3
kWh
Landfill rate100
%
Diesel use in landfill compacting machine per tonne1.6
kWh

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D0% reuse
Brief description of the default scenario in module DNo benefit is assumed from reuse
Description of the default scenario in module DThis scenario represents 100% landfill, when no benefits can be realized. This is highly unlikely, because even if the product is not reused as it is, it can be easily recycled as aggregate or backfill in construction projects.
Module D informationValueUnit
Reuse rate0
%

Additional scenario 1

Name of the additional scenario100% reuse
Description of the additional scenarioThis scenario represents a best-case, with 100% of the material reused. This is a likely scenario, as the product retains significant value even in its used form.

Module C: End-of-life

Description of the additional scenario in module CEnd-of-life assumes removal using the PCR default diesel consumption for deconstruction, followed by 80 km road transport to a sorting facility, where the product is sorted and packaged for reuse.
Module C informationValueUnit
Diesel use during demolition per tonne5
kWh
Transport distance to final disposal80
km
Diesel use during sorting per tonne1.8
kWh
Reuse rate100
%

Module D: Beyond product life cycle

Description of the additional scenario in module DThis scenario represents 100% landfill, when no benefits can be realized. This is highly unlikely, because even if the product is not reused as it is, it can be easily recycled as aggregate or backfill in construction projects.
Module D informationValueUnit
Reuse rate0
%

Environmental performance

The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.

Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.7.74E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.82E-31.14E+07.77E-33.77E-30.00E+0
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.74E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.81E-31.14E+07.77E-31.05E-20.00E+0
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.4.48E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.99E-67.83E-41.58E-67.64E-70.00E+0
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.2.80E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.32E-73.78E-43.42E-71.66E-70.00E+0
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.2.65E-7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.18E-102.49E-81.72E-108.36E-110.00E+0
AcidificationAPmol H+ eq.6.87E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.18E-53.66E-37.27E-53.52E-50.00E+0
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.9.04E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.16E-88.36E-69.19E-94.46E-90.00E+0
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.2.97E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.32E-51.22E-33.42E-51.66E-50.00E+0
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.27E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.73E-41.34E-23.75E-41.82E-40.00E+0
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.9.82E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.41E-45.56E-31.12E-45.41E-50.00E+0
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metals1kg Sb eq.5.46E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.47E-93.94E-61.17E-95.66E-100.00E+0
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossil1MJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+11.01E-14.90E-20.00E+0
Water useWDP1m3 world eq. deprived2.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.64E-48.48E-21.30E-46.28E-50.00E+0
AcronymsGWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator

Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHG1kg CO2 eq.7.73E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.81E-31.14E+07.77E-31.05E-20.00E+0
AcronymsGWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero.

Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804

Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence1.83E-6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.63E-99.08E-82.08E-91.01E-90.00E+0
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRP1kBq U235 eq.4.49E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.45E-56.99E-31.15E-55.59E-60.00E+0
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fw2CTUe1.27E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.34E-32.15E+03.43E-31.67E-30.00E+0
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-c2CTUh1.16E-9NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.22E-131.95E-104.93E-132.39E-130.00E+0
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-nc2CTUh4.79E-8NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.14E-111.01E-89.01E-124.37E-120.00E+0
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQP2Dimensionless1.97E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.59E-39.57E+05.22E-32.53E-30.00E+0
AcronymsPM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).
Disclaimer 1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator.

Resource use indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
PEREMJ, net calorific value6.49E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.38E-42.64E-13.47E-41.68E-40.00E+0
PERMMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
PERTMJ, net calorific value6.49E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.38E-42.64E-13.47E-41.68E-40.00E+0
PENREMJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+11.01E-14.90E-20.00E+0
PENRMMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
PENRTMJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+11.01E-14.90E-20.00E+0
SMkg1.05E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.67E-51.56E-22.11E-51.02E-50.00E+0
RSFMJ, net calorific value3.28E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.80E-63.67E-36.97E-63.38E-60.00E+0
NRSFMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
FWm34.61E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.21E-61.96E-32.55E-61.23E-60.00E+0
AcronymsPERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Waste indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
HWDkg1.51E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.92E-51.65E-22.31E-51.12E-50.00E+0
NHWDkg1.22E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.22E-41.76E-12.55E-41.24E-40.00E+0
RWDkg3.06E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.37E-94.76E-67.42E-93.60E-90.00E+0
AcronymsHWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Output flow indicators according to EN 15804

IndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
CRUkg-5.21E-20NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND-7.20E-23-3.01E-21-5.70E-23-2.77E-230.00E+0
MFRkg1.27E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.41E-51.41E-21.91E-59.27E-60.00E+0
MERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
EEEMJ, net calorific value1.25E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.80E-63.11E-34.59E-62.23E-60.00E+0
EETMJ, net calorific value5.36E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.06E-63.77E-38.36E-74.05E-70.00E+0
AcronymsCRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy.
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4

Additional scenario100% reuse
Description of the scenario/methodThis scenario represents a best-case, with 100% of the material reused. This is a likely scenario, as the product retains significant value even in its used form.
Results for additional scenarios for modules A4-C4
Impact categoryIndicatorUnitA1-A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4D
Use of renewable primary energy as energy carrierPEREMJ, net calorific value6.49E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.38E-42.64E-11.58E-40.00E+0-6.49E+1
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPERMMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Total use of renewable primary energy PERTMJ, net calorific value6.49E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.38E-42.64E-11.58E-40.00E+0-6.49E+1
Use of non renewable primary energy as energy carrierPENREMJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+14.59E-20.00E+0-9.99E+1
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materialsPENRMMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resourcePENRTMJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+14.59E-20.00E+0-9.99E+1
Use of secondary materialSMkg1.05E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.67E-51.56E-29.60E-60.00E+0-1.05E-1
Use of renewable secondary fuelsRSFMJ, net calorific value3.28E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND8.80E-63.67E-33.17E-60.00E+0-3.28E-2
Use of non-renewable secondary fuelsNRSFMJ, net calorific value0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+00.00E+0
Net use of fresh waterFWm34.61E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.21E-61.96E-31.16E-60.00E+0-4.61E-2
Hazardous waste disposed HWDkg1.51E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.92E-51.65E-21.05E-50.00E+0-1.51E-1
Non-hazardous waste disposedNHWDkg1.22E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND3.22E-41.76E-11.16E-40.00E+0-1.22E+0
Radioactive waste disposedRWDkg3.06E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.37E-94.76E-63.37E-90.00E+0-3.06E-5
Components for re-useCRUkg-5.21E-20NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND-7.20E-23-3.01E-21-2.59E-230.00E+05.21E-20
Materials for recyclingMFRkg1.27E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.41E-51.41E-20.00E+00.00E+0-1.27E-1
Materials for energy recoveryMERkg0.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND0.00E+00.00E+08.69E-60.00E+00.00E+0
Exported electrical energyEEEMJ, net calorific value 1.25E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND5.80E-63.11E-32.09E-60.00E+0-1.25E-2
Exported thermal energyEETMJ, net calorific value 5.36E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.06E-63.77E-33.80E-70.00E+0-5.36E-3
Land-use related impacts/soil qualitySQPDimensionless1.97E+2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.59E-39.57E+02.37E-30.00E+0-1.97E+2
Human toxicity - non-cancer effectsHTP-ncCTUh4.79E-8NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.14E-111.01E-84.10E-120.00E+0-4.79E-8
Human toxicity - cancer effectsHTP-cCTUh1.16E-9NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND6.22E-131.95E-102.24E-130.00E+0-1.16E-9
Eco-toxicity - freshwaterETP-fwCTUe1.27E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.34E-32.15E+01.56E-30.00E+0-1.27E+1
Ionizing radiation - human healthIRPkBq U235 eq.4.49E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.45E-56.99E-35.24E-60.00E+0-4.49E-2
Particulate matter emissionsPMDisease incidence1.83E-6NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.63E-99.08E-89.48E-100.00E+0-1.83E-6
Climate change - GWP-GHGGWP-GHGkg CO2 eq.7.73E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.81E-31.14E+03.53E-30.00E+0-7.73E+0
Water useWDPm3 world eq. deprived2.00E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.64E-48.48E-25.89E-50.00E+0-2.00E+0
Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuelsADP-fossilMJ, net calorific value9.99E+1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.28E-11.62E+14.59E-20.00E+0-9.99E+1
Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metalsADP-minerals&metalskg Sb eq.5.46E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.47E-93.94E-65.31E-100.00E+0-5.46E-5
Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.9.82E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.41E-45.56E-35.07E-50.00E+0-9.82E-2
Eutrophication terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.3.27E-1NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.73E-41.34E-21.70E-40.00E+0-3.27E-1
Eutrophication aquatic marineEP-marinekg N eq.2.97E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.32E-51.22E-31.55E-50.00E+0-2.97E-2
Eutrophication aquatic freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.9.04E-5NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.16E-88.36E-64.18E-90.00E+0-9.04E-5
AcidificationAPmol H eq.6.87E-2NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.18E-53.66E-33.30E-50.00E+0-6.87E-2
Ozone depletionODPkg CFC-11 eq.2.65E-7NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND2.18E-102.49E-87.84E-110.00E+0-2.65E-7
Climate change - land use and land-use changeGWP-luluckg CO2 eq.2.80E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND4.32E-73.78E-41.55E-70.00E+0-2.80E-3
Climate change - biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO2 eq.4.48E-3NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND1.99E-67.83E-47.17E-70.00E+0-4.48E-3
Climate change - fossilGWP-fossilkg CO2 eq.7.74E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.81E-31.14E+03.53E-30.00E+0-7.74E+0
Climate change - totalGWP-totalkg CO2 eq.7.74E+0NDNDNDNDNDNDNDNDND9.82E-31.14E+03.53E-30.00E+0-7.74E+0
Acronyms
Disclaimers
General disclaimerThe results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services).

Abbreviations

Not applicable

References

European Committee for Standardization, "EN 15804+A2:2019/AC:2021: Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products, 2021," CEN-CENELEC Management Centre, Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels, 18 August 2021.

The International EPD® System, "General Programme Instructions of the International EPD® System. Version 5.0.1," 2025-02-27.

The International EPD® System, "Product Category Rules (PCR) for Construction Products (PCR 2019:14 version 2.0.1, date 2025-06-05)".

European Commission: Joint Research Centre, "Updated characterisation and normalisation factors for the environmental footprint 3.1 method," Publications Office of the European Union, 2023.

International Standardization Organisation, ISO 15941:2004 Sustainability of construction works. Data quality for environmental assessment of products and construction work. Selection and use of data, 2024. 

ISO 14020:2000 Environmental labels and declarations — General principles, 2000-09

ISO 14025: EN ISO 14025:2006-11: Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures

ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework, 2006-07

ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, 2006-07

Version history

Version 001, 2025-02-04