EPD-IES-0026929:001
TOPCOAT MATT PAINTS
The application of emulsion paint products depends on paint category as follows:
1) AirCare : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint for interior. One of safest paints in the world with clean technology. AirCare is an anti-formaldehyde, anti-virus, anti-bacteria interior 100% acrylic emulsion ultra-premium paint. It helps create a safer and more hygienic indoor environment with exclusive technology from Japan. Besides having Zero VOCs, low odor, superior washability properties. It is recommended to be used in eco-sensitive commercial and residential areas such as hospitals, schools, hotels and homes.
• Anti-Formaldehyde with Active Carbon Technology that continually absorbs harmful free formaldehyde from the air and converts into water vapour, resulting in clean fresh air.
• Resist the growth of coronavirus* and influenza virus (H1N1) on paint film up to 99.99% within 10 minutes and 99.99% within 60 minutes respectively.
• Anti-bacteria and fungus
• Zero VOCs during application and after painting.
• Low odor and non-added lead or mercury
• Excellent washability
• Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES.
*Tested by government laboratory institute. Coronavirus in the test is HCoV 229E which is similar family to SARS-CoV-2.
2) HybridShield : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with small molecule that help to prevent dirt pick-up on wall. This premium exterior emulsion is formulated to provide performance of excellent washability and excellent resistant to alkali, efflorescence, dirt, fungus and algae with non- added lead and mercury.
• Durable against weather
• Prevent dirt pick-up on wall
• Excellent washability
• Excellent hiding powder
• Excellent alkali and efflorescence resistance
• Resistance against fungus and algae
• Low odor and non-added lead or mercury
3) HealthCare : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with small molecule that help to prevent stain. It is effective against of bacteria, virus and fungus caused pneumonia, diarrhea, allergy and other respiratory symptoms by Micro-Capsulated Shield technology.
• Anti-bacteria and anti-virus
• Resist the growth of coronavirus and influenza virus (H1N1) on paint film up to 99.9%*
• Excellent washability
• Resistance against fungus and algae
• Low odor and non-added lead or mercury
• Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES.
*Tested by government laboratory institute. Coronavirus in the test is Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus or PEDV which is similar
4) Vinilex : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with higher quality than the industrial standards. This is assured by construction project leaders using more than 50 years. It is formulated with special technology from Japan to provide surface with good coverage, excellent hiding and bright colors.
• Good exterior durability against harsh weather
• UV and fading resistance
• Easy to apply with good hiding and smooth finishing
• Excellent stain washability
• Alkali and efflorescence resistance
• Fungus and algae resistance
• Good adhesion
5) Vinilex Acrylic Ceiling Paint : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with non-added lead and mercury paint, gives a very smooth super matt finishing for internal ceiling to reduce light reflection.
• Smooth super matt finish
• Easy to apply with excellent hiding and adhesion
• Reduce light reflection on the ceiling. Cover joints and putty marks.
• Suitable for interior walls and ceiling
• Fungus and algae resistance
• Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES.
6) SuperServe : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint formulated to give good film properties assured by industrial standard with reasonable price. It gives smooth surface and beautiful color, good adhesion to substrate and easy application.
• Good coverage, adhesion and hiding power
• Anti-fungus and algae
• Smooth finishing
• Good quality
7) Nippon Paint Roofseal : An elastomeric acrylic emulsion paint waterproofing for roof seal with high flexibility at 670% elongation. It is usefulness to solving and protection the construction from water leak problem. It is suitable use for many substrates such as concrete, metal sheet roofs, roof tiles and, gypsum boards.
• Prevent and protect problem caused by water leak
• 670% elongation
• Excellent cover cracks on concrete caused by rapid change of temperature
• Excellent adhesion on substrate
• Seamless and good hiding
• Ease of use
• Low odor, low VOC and non-added lead or mercury
General information
| EPD Owner | Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Registration number | EPD-IES-0026929:001 |
| EPD type | EPD of multiple products based on worst-case results |
| Status | Valid |
| Initial version date | 2026-02-10 |
| Validity date | 2031-02-09 |
| Standards conformance | ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021 |
| Geographical scope | Global |
| An EPD may be updated or depublished if conditions change. This is the latest version of the EPD. | |
Programme information
| Programme | The International EPD® System |
|---|---|
| Address | EPD International AB Box 210 60 SE-100 31 Stockholm Sweden |
| Website | www.environdec.com |
| support@environdec.com |
Product category rules
| CEN standard EN 15804 serves as the Core Product Category Rules (PCR) | |
| Product Category Rules (PCR) | 2019:14 Construction products (EN 15804+A2) (version 2.0.1) 2.0.1 |
|---|---|
| PCR review was conducted by | The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. See www.environdec.com for a list of members. Review chair: Rob Rouwette (chair), Noa Meron (co-chair). The review panel may be contacted via the Secretariat www.environdec.com/support. |
Verification
| LCA accountability | Nicha Sukhodomchot, s.nicha@eceeth.com, Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Independent third-party verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006, via | |
| Third-party verifier | TÜV Italia S.r.l. |
| Accredited by | Accredia |
| Accredited certification body address | Italy |
| Procedure for follow-up of data during EPD validity involves third party verifier | |
| *EPD Process Certification involves an accredited certification body certifying and periodically auditing the EPD process and conducting external and independent verification of EPDs that are regularly published. More information can be found in the General Programme Instructions on www.envrondec.com. | |
Ownership and limitation on use of EPD
Limitations
EPDs within the same product category but published in different EPD programmes, may not be comparable. For two EPDs to be comparable, they shall be based on the same PCR (including the same first-digit version number) or be based on fully aligned PCRs or versions of PCRs; cover products with identical functions, technical performances and use (e.g. identical declared/functional units); have identical scope in terms of included life-cycle stages (unless the excluded life-cycle stage is demonstrated to be insignificant); apply identical impact assessment methods (including the same version of characterisation factors); and be valid at the time of comparison.
Ownership
The EPD Owner has the sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.
Information about EPD Owner
| EPD Owner | Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Contact person name | Wannarat Sritorn |
| Contact person e-mail | wannarat@nipponpaint.co.th |
| Organisation address | Thailand Samutprakarn 10130 Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Head Office TAX ID. 0115554016412, 101 Moo 3, Soi Suksawad 76, Suksawad Road, Bangchak, Prapradaeng, Samutprakarn |
Description of the organisation of the EPD Owner
Manufacturer and distributor of decorative and heavy-duty coatings.
Organisation logo
Product information
| Product name | TOPCOAT MATT PAINT |
|---|---|
| Product identification | This declaration covers a range of the products manufactured by Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Company Limited, located in Samutprakarn province, Thailand. The products considered in this declaration are 14 topcoat matt emulsion paint products which made from ultra-premium 100% acrylic emulsion paint for exterior and interior walls including; 1. NIPPON PAINT HEALTHCARE CEILING PAINT 2. NIPPON PAINT ROOFSEAL - Green 3. NIPPON PAINT ROOFSEAL - White 4. NIPPON PAINT SUPERSERVE INTERIOR 5. NIPPON PAINT SUPERSERVE EXTERIOR 6. NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC CEILING PAINT 7. NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC INTERIOR 8. NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC EXTERIOR 9. NIPPON PAINT HEALTHCARE (the representative product) 10. NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD CEILING PAINT 11. NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD INTERIOR 12. NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD EXTERIOR 13. NIPPON PAINT AIRCARE CEILING PAINT 14. NIPPON PAINT AIRCARE The representative product for this group is “NIPPON PAINT HEALTHCARE”. |
| Product description | The application of emulsion paint products depends on paint category as follows: 1) AirCare : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint for interior. One of safest paints in the world with clean technology. AirCare is an anti-formaldehyde, anti-virus, anti-bacteria interior 100% acrylic emulsion ultra-premium paint. It helps create a safer and more hygienic indoor environment with exclusive technology from Japan. Besides having Zero VOCs, low odor, superior washability properties. It is recommended to be used in eco-sensitive commercial and residential areas such as hospitals, schools, hotels and homes. • Anti-Formaldehyde with Active Carbon Technology that continually absorbs harmful free formaldehyde from the air and converts into water vapour, resulting in clean fresh air. • Resist the growth of coronavirus* and influenza virus (H1N1) on paint film up to 99.99% within 10 minutes and 99.99% within 60 minutes respectively. • Anti-bacteria and fungus • Zero VOCs during application and after painting. • Low odor and non-added lead or mercury • Excellent washability • Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES. *Tested by government laboratory institute. Coronavirus in the test is HCoV 229E which is similar family to SARS-CoV-2. 2) HybridShield : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with small molecule that help to prevent dirt pick-up on wall. This premium exterior emulsion is formulated to provide performance of excellent washability and excellent resistant to alkali, efflorescence, dirt, fungus and algae with non- added lead and mercury. • Durable against weather • Prevent dirt pick-up on wall • Excellent washability • Excellent hiding powder • Excellent alkali and efflorescence resistance • Resistance against fungus and algae • Low odor and non-added lead or mercury 3) HealthCare : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with small molecule that help to prevent stain. It is effective against of bacteria, virus and fungus caused pneumonia, diarrhea, allergy and other respiratory symptoms by Micro-Capsulated Shield technology. • Anti-bacteria and anti-virus • Resist the growth of coronavirus and influenza virus (H1N1) on paint film up to 99.9%* • Excellent washability • Resistance against fungus and algae • Low odor and non-added lead or mercury • Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES. *Tested by government laboratory institute. Coronavirus in the test is Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus or PEDV which is similar 4) Vinilex : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with higher quality than the industrial standards. This is assured by construction project leaders using more than 50 years. It is formulated with special technology from Japan to provide surface with good coverage, excellent hiding and bright colors. • Good exterior durability against harsh weather • UV and fading resistance • Easy to apply with good hiding and smooth finishing • Excellent stain washability • Alkali and efflorescence resistance • Fungus and algae resistance • Good adhesion 5) Vinilex Acrylic Ceiling Paint : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint with non-added lead and mercury paint, gives a very smooth super matt finishing for internal ceiling to reduce light reflection. • Smooth super matt finish • Easy to apply with excellent hiding and adhesion • Reduce light reflection on the ceiling. Cover joints and putty marks. • Suitable for interior walls and ceiling • Fungus and algae resistance • Suitable for Green Building Standard including LEED v4, LEED v4.1, WELL and TREES. 6) SuperServe : A 100% Acrylic Emulsion paint formulated to give good film properties assured by industrial standard with reasonable price. It gives smooth surface and beautiful color, good adhesion to substrate and easy application. • Good coverage, adhesion and hiding power • Anti-fungus and algae • Smooth finishing • Good quality 7) Nippon Paint Roofseal : An elastomeric acrylic emulsion paint waterproofing for roof seal with high flexibility at 670% elongation. It is usefulness to solving and protection the construction from water leak problem. It is suitable use for many substrates such as concrete, metal sheet roofs, roof tiles and, gypsum boards. • Prevent and protect problem caused by water leak • 670% elongation • Excellent cover cracks on concrete caused by rapid change of temperature • Excellent adhesion on substrate • Seamless and good hiding • Ease of use • Low odor, low VOC and non-added lead or mercury |
| Technical purpose of product | 1) NIPPON PAINT HEALTHCARE CEILING PAINT - Film Appearance : Super Matt - Colour Base : #T999 - Density (g/liter) : 1.51 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon & 5 gallon 2) NIPPON PAINT ROOFSEAL - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Green - Density (g/liter) : 1.37 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 4 kg & 20 kg 3) NIPPON PAINT ROOFSEAL - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : White - Density (g/liter) : 1.37 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 14 kg & 20 kg 4) NIPPON PAINT SUPERSERVE INTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.32 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 5) NIPPON PAINT SUPERSERVE EXTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.4 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 6) NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC CEILING PAINT - Film Appearance : Super Matt - Colour Base : #T999 - Density (g/liter) : 1.55 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon & 5 gallon 7) NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC INTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.39 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 8) NIPPON PAINT VINILEX ACRYLIC EXTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.44 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 9) NIPPON PAINT HEALTHCARE - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.31 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 10) NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD CEILING PAINT - Film Appearance : Super Matt - Colour Base : #999 C - Density (g/liter) : 1.56 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon & 5 gallon 11) NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD INTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.4 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 12) NIPPON PAINT HYBRIDSHIELD EXTERIOR - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.26 - VOC (g/liter) : <11 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon 13) NIPPON PAINT AIRCARE CEILING PAINT - Film Appearance : Super Matt - Colour Base : #NP N 3048 P - Density (g/liter) : 1.45 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon & 5 gallon 14) NIPPON PAINT AIRCARE - Film Appearance : Matt - Colour Base : Base A - Density (g/liter) : 1.4 - VOC (g/liter) : <5 - Pack size : 1 gallon, 2.5 gallon & 5 gallon |
| Manufacturing or service provision description | The manufacturing process starts with the weighting and mixing, in which acrylic emulsion paint is dispersing and blending raw materials in the batch process. |
| Material properties | Volumetric mass density: 1560 kg/m3 Volumetric mass density: 1560 kg/m3 |
| Manufacturing site | Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Company Limited Phrapadaeng plant Thailand Samutprakarn 10130 Nippon Paint Decorative Coatings (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Head Office TAX ID. 0115554016412, 101 Moo 3, Soi Suksawad 76, Suksawad Road, Bangchak, Prapradaeng, Samutprakarn |
| UN CPC code | 35110. Paints and varnishes and related products |
| Geographical scope | Global |
| Geographical scope description | Thailand and Laos |
Product images
Content declaration
| Content declaration of multiple products | This EPD covers multiple products and follows a worst-case scenario approach, applying the highest results for each indicator in the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). In most cases, this corresponds to the product variant with the highest content of pigment or binder. However, for certain indicators, the highest LCIA results may come from other product variations. |
|---|---|
| Hazardous and toxic substances | The product does not contain any substances from the SVHC candidate list in concentrations exceeding 0.1% of its weight. |
Product content
| Content name | Mass, kg | Post-consumer recycled material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material, mass-% of product | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pigments | 0.47 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Binders | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Water | 0.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Additive | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other | 0.015 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Solvent | 0.001 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1.286 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | |||
Packaging materials
| Material name | Mass, kg | Mass-% (versus the product) | Biogenic material1, kg C/declared unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corrugated box/Paper | 0.037 | 3.67 | 0.017 |
| Polypropylene for buckets | 0.004 | 0.04 | 0 |
| Total | 0.041 | 3.71 | 0.017 |
| Note 1 | 1 kg biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2 | ||
LCA information
| EPD based on declared or functional unit | Declared unit |
|---|---|
| Declared unit and reference flow | 1 kg of paint product (excluded packaging weight) Mass: 1 kg |
| Conversion factor to mass | 1 |
| Are infrastructure or capital goods included in any upstream, core or downstream processes? | |
| Datasources used for this EPD | ecoinvent database (general) ecoinvent 3.10 database |
| LCA Software | SimaPro SimaPro 9.6 |
| Version of the EN 15804 reference package | EF Reference Package 3.1 |
| Characterisation methods | - GWP100 - EN 15804 version EF 3.1 |
| Technology description including background system | - The product is manufactured according to standards. - The product composition consists of pigment, binder, solvent, water, and additives. |
| Scrap (recycled material) inputs contribution level | Less than 10% of the GWP-GHG results in modules A1-A3 come from scrap inputs |
Data quality assessment
| Description of data quality assessment and reference years | The study used primary data collected from 1st January 2022 to 31st December 2022. |
|---|
Data quality assessment
| Process name | Source type | Source | Reference year | Data category | Share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing of product | Collected data | EPD Owner | 2022 | Primary data | 0.16% |
| Generation of electricity used in manufacturing of product | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Primary data | 1.38% |
| Transport of Inputs | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Primary data | 0.69% |
| Plastic | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Paper | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Binder | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Pigment 1 | Database | Ecoinvent v. 3.10 | 2023 | Secondary data | 0% |
| Total share of primary data, of GWP-GHG results for A1-A3 | 2.2299999999999995% | ||||
| The share of primary data is calculated based on GWP-GHG results. It is a simplified indicator for data quality that supports the use of more primary data to increase the representativeness of and comparability between EPDs. Note that the indicator does not capture all relevant aspects of data quality and is not comparable across product categories. | |||||
| Comment on the data sources and other information in the table | According to the definition of proxy data in Section 4.6.3 of the PCR, no proxy data were used in the EPD. |
|---|
Electricity data
| Electricity used in the manufacturing process in A3 (A5 for services) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type of electricity mix | Specific electricity mix as generated, or purchased from an electricity supplier, demonstrated by a contractual instrument | |
| Energy sources | Hydro | 4.4% |
| Wind | 3.04% | |
| Solar | 0% | |
| Biomass | 0% | |
| Geothermal | 0% | |
| Waste | 0% | |
| Nuclear | 0% | |
| Natural gas | 62.36% | |
| Coal | 29.59% | |
| Oil | 0.18% | |
| Peat | 0% | |
| Other | 0.43% | |
| GWP-GHG intensity (kg CO2 eq./kWh) | 0.74 kg CO2 eq./kWh | |
System boundary
| Description of the system boundary | a) Cradle to gate with modules C1-C4 and module D (A1-A3 + C + D). |
|---|---|
| Excluded modules | No, there is no excluded module, or there are no excluded modules |
Declared modules
| Product stage | Construction process stage | Use stage | End of life stage | Beyond product life cycle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Raw material supply | Transport | Manufacturing | Transport to site | Construction installation | Use | Maintenance | Repair | Replacement | Refurbishment | Operational energy use | Operational water use | De-construction demolition | Transport | Waste processing | Disposal | Reuse-Recovery-Recycling-potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Module | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modules declared | X | X | X | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geography | Global | Global | South East Asia | N/A | Global | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Global | Global | Global | Global | Global | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of specific data | 2.23% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - products | 143% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variation - sites | 0% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer | The share of specific/primary data and both variations (products and sites) refer to GWP-GHG results only. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description of the process flow diagram(s)
A1–A3 PRODUCT STAGE Covers raw material extraction and processing (A1), transportation to the manufacturing plant by truck and ship (A2), and batch manufacturing of acrylic emulsion paint including mixing and blending (A3). B1–B7 USE STAGE The use and maintenance stage (B1–B7) is excluded from this EPD. C1–C4 END OF LIFE The paint is assumed to be removed together with the substrate and disposed of in landfill, including transport to waste treatment facilities; no waste processing is considered. D BENEFITS AND LOADS BEYOND THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY No benefits or loads beyond the system boundary are declared, as no reuse, recycling, or energy recovery occurs.
Process flow diagram(s) related images
Default scenario
| Name of the default scenario | - |
|---|---|
| Description of the default scenario | - |
Module C: End-of-life
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module C | END OF LIFE |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module C | The paint is assumed to be removed with the substrate and disposed of in landfill. |
| Description of the default scenario in module C | C1-C4 and D: END OF LIFE C1: This stage considers the demolition of the product from the site. The energy associated with demolition of the substrate structure is prorated for the mass of paint, at 10 kWh per ton, as default data for modelling modules C1, as referenced in the PCR. C2: Transportation of the discarded product to landfill is considered. As a conservative assumption, a transport distance of 80 km to waste processing sites is applied. The transport of waste has been modelled using 16-32 t EURO5 truck. C3: No waste processing options are considered. C4: It is assumed that the paint is disposed of along with the substrate in landfill. |
Module D: Beyond product life cycle
| Explanatory name of the default scenario in module D | No benefits or loads |
|---|---|
| Brief description of the default scenario in module D | No benefits or loads are declared, as no reuse, recycling, or energy recovery occurs. |
| Description of the default scenario in module D | D: No benefits or loads beyond the product system boundary are declared since no reuse or recovery occurs for architectural coatings in general. In addition, since landfilling is assumed to be the waste disposal option in module C4, no “useful energy carrier” is considered to leave the product system. Therefore, no benefit is claimed in module D. |
Environmental performance
The estimated impact results are only relative statements, which do not indicate the endpoints of the impact categories, exceeding threshold values, safety margins and/or risks.
Mandatory environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - total | GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | 2.90E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.80E-2 | 1.60E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 1.70E-4 | 0.00E+0 |
| Climate change - fossil | GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq. | 2.90E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.80E-2 | 1.60E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 1.70E-4 | 0.00E+0 |
| Climate change - biogenic | GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | 2.70E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.00E-7 | 2.70E-6 | 0.00E+0 | 2.50E-8 | 0.00E+0 |
| Climate change - land use and land-use change | GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq. | 2.10E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.70E-6 | 6.20E-6 | 0.00E+0 | 2.10E-8 | 0.00E+0 |
| Ozone depletion | ODP | kg CFC-11 eq. | 5.90E-8 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.20E-11 | 2.20E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 5.30E-12 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acidification | AP | mol H+ eq. | 1.70E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.80E-4 | 5.20E-5 | 0.00E+0 | 2.50E-6 | 0.00E+0 |
| Eutrophication aquatic freshwater | EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | 1.10E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.80E-8 | 1.20E-6 | 0.00E+0 | 4.80E-9 | 0.00E+0 |
| Eutrophication aquatic marine | EP-marine | kg N eq. | 3.00E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.60E-4 | 1.70E-5 | 0.00E+0 | 1.00E-6 | 0.00E+0 |
| Eutrophication terrestrial | EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | 3.00E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.90E-3 | 1.80E-4 | 0.00E+0 | 1.10E-5 | 0.00E+0 |
| Photochemical ozone formation | POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | 1.20E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 7.20E-4 | 7.30E-5 | 0.00E+0 | 3.40E-6 | 0.00E+0 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - minerals and metals | ADP-minerals&metals1 | kg Sb eq. | 2.90E-5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.30E-9 | 5.00E-8 | 0.00E+0 | 6.60E-11 | 0.00E+0 |
| Depletion of abiotic resources - fossil fuels | ADP-fossil1 | MJ, net calorific value | 4.30E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.20E-2 | 2.20E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 5.20E-3 | 0.00E+0 |
| Water use | WDP1 | m3 world eq. deprived | 1.30E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.90E-5 | 9.90E-4 | 0.00E+0 | 4.90E-6 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; EP-terrestrial = Eutrophication potential, Accumulated Exceedance; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone; ADP-minerals&metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADP-fossil = Abiotic depletion for fossil resources potential; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator | ||||||||||||||||
Additional mandatory environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change - GWP-GHG | GWP-GHG1 | kg CO2 eq. | 2.90E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.80E-2 | 1.60E-2 | 0.00E+0 | 1.70E-4 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | GWP-GHG = Global warming potential greenhouse gas. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | The GWP-GHG indicator is termed GWP-IOBC/GHG in the ILCD+EPD+ data format. The indicator accounts for all greenhouse gases except biogenic carbon dioxide uptake and emissions and biogenic carbon stored in the product. As such, the indicator is identical to GWP-total except that the CF for biogenic CO2 is set to zero. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators according to EN 15804
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter emissions | PM | Disease incidence | 1.80E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.30E-9 | 1.20E-9 | 0.00E+0 | 3.80E-11 | 0.00E+0 |
| Ionizing radiation - human health | IRP1 | kBq U235 eq. | 1.40E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.10E-6 | 1.80E-4 | 0.00E+0 | 1.10E-6 | 0.00E+0 |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater | ETP-fw2 | CTUe | 7.80E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.20E-3 | 1.20E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 7.00E-4 | 0.00E+0 |
| Human toxicity - cancer effects | HTP-c2 | CTUh | 2.00E-8 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.90E-12 | 1.60E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 7.30E-13 | 0.00E+0 |
| Human toxicity - non-cancer effects | HTP-nc2 | CTUh | 1.20E-7 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.10E-11 | 2.70E-10 | 0.00E+0 | 8.70E-13 | 0.00E+0 |
| Land-use related impacts/soil quality | SQP2 | Dimensionless | 1.60E-1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.70E-3 | 1.30E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 3.40E-4 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | PM = Potential incidence of disease due to particulate matter emissions; IRP = Potential human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; HTP-nc = Potential comparative toxic unit for humans; SQP = Potential soil quality index. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 1 | This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimer 2 | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties of these results are high or as there is limited experience with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
Additional voluntary environmental performance indicators
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acronyms | |||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
Resource use indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ, net calorific value | 2.50E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.10E-4 | 2.80E-3 | 0.00E+0 | 1.40E-5 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERM | MJ, net calorific value | 8.40E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PERT | MJ, net calorific value | 2.50E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.10E-4 | 2.80E-3 | 0.00E+0 | 1.40E-5 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRE | MJ, net calorific value | 4.30E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.20E-2 | 2.20E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 5.20E-3 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRM | MJ, net calorific value | 9.50E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| PENRT | MJ, net calorific value | 4.30E+1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.20E-2 | 2.20E-1 | 0.00E+0 | 5.20E-3 | 0.00E+0 |
| SM | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NRSF | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| FW | m3 | 5.80E-4 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy re-sources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Waste indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 2.10E-2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| NHWD | kg | 2.20E-3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| RWD | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Output flow indicators according to EN 15804
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRU | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MFR | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| MER | kg | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EEE | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| EET | MJ, net calorific value | 0.00E+0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 | 0.00E+0 |
| Acronyms | CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy. | |||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | |||||||||||||||
Results of an alternative modelling approach
| Description of the scenario/method | In accordance with PCR 2019:14 v2.0.1 (Section 4.8.4), relevant 100% end-of-life scenarios are declared for transparency purposes only and do not represent current practice. End-of-life processes are modelled using standard datasets for the intended market, and results are reported separately from the main LCIA results. Module C4 is assessed under a 100% incineration scenario, while other 100% scenarios (e.g. recycling) are excluded as not realistic for the intended market. |
|---|
| Impact category | Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.60E+0 | ND | |
| GWP-total | kg CO2 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | NDD | 3.60E+0 | ND | |
| GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.20E-4 | ND | |
| GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.30E-4 | ND | |
| ODP | kg CFC 11 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.80E-8 | ND | |
| AP | mol H+ eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.70E-3 | ND | |
| EP-freshwater | kg P eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.80E-5 | ND | |
| EP-marine | kg N eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4.50E-4 | ND | |
| EP-terrestrial | mol N eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 5.00E-3 | ND | |
| POCP | kg NMVOC eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.00E-3 | ND | |
| ADP-minerals&metals* | kg Sb eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.20E-6 | ND | |
| ADP-fossil* | MJ | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.60E+1 | ND | |
| WDP* | m3 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.20E-2 | ND | |
| GWP-GHG | kg CO2 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.60E+0 | ND | |
| Particulate matter emissions (PM) | Disease incidence | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3.00E-8 | ND | |
| Ionizing radiation, human health (IRP) | kBq U235 eq. | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6.50E-3 | ND | |
| Eco-toxicity - freshwater (ETP-fw) | CTUe | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.00E+1 | ND | |
| Human toxicity, cancer effect (HTP-c) | CTUh | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.70E-8 | ND | |
| Human toxicity, non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) | CTUh | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.20E-8 | ND | |
| Land use related impacts/Soil quality (SQP) | dimensionless | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1.20E+0 | ND | |
| Acronyms | GWP-fossil = Global Warming Potential fossil fuels; GWP-biogenic = Global Warming Potential biogenic; GWP-luluc = Global Warming Potential land use and land use change; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance; EP-freshwater = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end compartment; EP-marine = Eutrophication potential, fraction of nutrients reaching marine end compartment; ect. | ||||||||||||||||
| Disclaimers | The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experienced with the indicator. | ||||||||||||||||
| General disclaimer | The results of the end-of-life stage (modules C1-C4) should be considered when using the results of the product stage (modules A1-A3/A1-A5 for services). | ||||||||||||||||
Additional environmental information
For EPD of multiple products, the EPD does not claim compliance with ISO 21930, variations above 10% are allowed. The GWP-GHG (A1–A3) variation among the product group exceeds 10% (1,43 times), but the products are grouped together due to similar base formulations and production processes.
The variations information shown as below table.
GWP-fossil kg CO2 eq. Min. 1,3E+00 Max. 2,9E+00
GWP-biogenic kg CO2 eq. Min. 1,3E-02 Max. 2,7E-03
GWP-luluc kg CO2 eq. Min. 6,6E-04 Max. 2,1E-03
GWP-total kg CO2 eq. Min. 1,3E+00 Max. 2,9E+00
ODP kg CFC 11 eq. Min. 1,9E-08 Max. 5,9E-08
AP mol H+ eq. Min. 5,7E-03 Max. 1,7E-02
EP-freshwater kg P eq. Min. 2,9E-04 Max. 1,1E-03
EP- marine kg N eq. Min. 1,1E-03 Max. 3,0E-03
EP-terrestrial mol N eq. Min. 1,1E-02 Max. 3,0E-02
POCP kg NMVOC eq. Min. 4,5E-03 Max. 1,2E-02
ADP-minerals&metals* kg Sb eq. Min. 7,4E-06 Max. 2,9E-05
ADP-fossil* kg CO2 eq. Min. 2,1E+01 Max. 4,3E+01
WDP* kg CO2 eq. Min. 5,7E-01 Max. 1,3E+00
Abbreviations
EN European Norm (Standard)
EF Environmental Footprint
GPI General Programme Instructions
ISO International Organization for Standardization
CEN European Committee for Standardization
CLC Co-location centre
CPC Central product classification
GHS Globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals
GRI Global Reporting Initiative
SVHC Substances of Very High Concern
ND Not Declared
PERE Use of renewable primary energy excluding resources used as raw materials
PERM Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials
PERT Total use of renewable primary energy resources
PENRE Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding resources used as raw
materials
PENRM Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials
PENRT Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources
SM Use of secondary material
RSF Use of renewable secondary fuels
NRSF Use of non-renewable secondary fuels
FW Use of net fresh water
HWD Hazardous waste disposed
NHWD Non-hazardous waste disposed
RWD Radioactive waste disposed
CRU Components for re-use
MFR Materials for recycling
MER Materials for energy recovery
EEE Exported electrical energy
EET Exported thermal energy
References
1. European Standards. (2019). EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC2021 Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products.
2. General Programme Instructions of the International EPD System. Version 5.0.1, 2025-02-27.
3. IPCC. (2006). 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
4. ISO. (2000). ISO 14020: Environmental labels and declarations — General principles
5. ISO. (2006). ISO 14025: Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures
6. ISO. (2006). ISO 14040:2006/Amd.1:2020 Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework AMENDMENT 1. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
7. ISO. (2006). ISO 14044:2006/Amd.1:2017: Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines AMENDMENT 1. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
8. ISO. (2006). ISO 14044:2006/Amd.2:2020 Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines AMENDMENT 2. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
9. PCR 2019:14 Construction Products (EN 15804:2012+2019:A2/AC:2021). Version 2.0.1, 2025-06-05.
10. Daniel Overbey. (2018). Defining the EPD Impact Assessment Categories. Access from: https://www.buildingenclosureonline.com/blogs/14-the-be-blog/post/90234-defining-the-epd-impact-assessment-categories
11. Boulay A-M, Bare J, Benini L, et al (2018) The WULCA consensus characterization model for water scarcity footprints: assessing impacts of water consumption based on available water remaining (AWARE). Int J Life Cycle Assess 23:368–378.
Version history
Version 001, 2025-12-18
Original version of the EPD